Enchaned Interior Gateway Routing Protocol

Enhanced IGRP (EIGRP) was developed from IGRP, another distance vector protocol. EIGRP is a classless, distance vector routing protocol with features found in link-state routing protocols. However, unlike RIP or OSPF, EIGRP is a proprietary protocol developed by Cisco and only runs on Cisco routers.

EIGRP features include:

• Triggered updates (EIGRP has no periodic updates).
• Use of a topology table to maintain all the routes received from neighbors (not only the best paths).
• Establishment of adjacencies with neighboring routers using the EIGRP hello protocol.
• Support for VLSM and manual route summarization. These allow EIGRP to create hierarchically structured large networks.

Advantages of EIGRP:
Although routes are propagated in a distance vector manner, the metric is based on minimum bandwidth and cumulative delay of the path rather than hop count.
Fast convergence due to Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL) route calculation. DUAL allows the insertion of backup routes into the EIGRP topology table, which are used in case the primary route fails. Because it is a local procedure, the switchover to the backup route is immediate and does not involve the action in any other routers.
Bounded updates mean that EIGRP uses less bandwidth, especially in large networks with many routes.
EIGRP supports multiple network layer protocols through Protocol Dependent Modules, which include support for IP, IPX, and AppleTalk.

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